Common signs of a failing wall
- Leaning forward: the top of the wall tips away from the hill. A little lean back into the hill is normal; leaning out is not.
- Bulging in the middle: soil and water pressure are pushing a section out.
- Cracks and gaps: stair-step cracks in block or mortar, or gaps opening between stones.
- Water problems: soggy ground at the base, water seeping through the face, or soil washing out of the joints.
- Sinking or settling: one end lower than the other, or caps that no longer line up.
Repair or replace?
Some problems, like a few loose caps, a short damaged section or a blocked drain outlet, can often be repaired. A wall that is leaning badly along its length, was built without a proper base or drainage, or is made of rotting timbers may need to come down and be rebuilt. A good contractor will tell you which side of that line your wall is on. If you aren’t sure, ask for both options in writing, or read about retaining wall replacement.
Safety first
If a wall is moving quickly, has partly collapsed or holds up a driveway, steps or part of a building, keep people and cars away from it and mention it in your quote request. For a wall that seems to be threatening a house or a public sidewalk, contact your municipality’s building or code office.